At one time or another, every leader reflects ruefully just how much easier everything would be if their employees just did what they said. No questions, no dissent, no misunderstandings.

For some leaders, that’s a holy grail – for them professional excellence looks like an organization that runs like a machine: predictable, consistent, with quality, productivity, and efficiency continually increasing. This is the assembly line model – when we know exactly what we want to build, we can focus everything into optimizing every machine, every worker, every process on increasing the efficiency of building one exact, specific widget.

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